FIRMIANA DANXIAENSIS is a small tree 5-10 meters tall with thin leathery, suborbicular leaves. Purplish-red unisexual flowers are borne in terminal panicles and densely covered with yellow star-shaped hairs. The calyx has five shallow lobes; the ovary is subglobose. The fruit is a dehiscent follicle, each containing two to three globose, pale yellowish-brown seeds.
SEDUM JINGLANII is a succulent perennial with opposite leaves 0.4-1.2 centimeters wide, petals 3.4-4.5 millimeters long, carpels 1.5-2.6 mm long and styles 0.6-0.9 mm long. It has a short stem and an erect or ascending habit. Endemic to Mt. Danxiashan, Guangdong province, this species was described as a new species from the region in 2023.
PYRUS ZHAOXUANII is widely distributed across Mt. Danxiashan, mostly growing on steep slopes at elevations of 200-600 meters. Unlike the common callery pear, it is a shrub rather than a tree, with smaller obovate leaves, shorter petioles, and dense branch thorns — adaptations that enable it to thrive in the arid, rocky habitats of Danxia landscapes.
DIOSPYROS DANXIAENSIS is an evergreen shrub or small tree with slender, cylindrical branches. Its leaves are elliptic, thin and leathery, cuneate at the base, and dark-green on the upper side. Its berries are globose, measuring 1.4-2 centimeters across and turning orange-yellow when mature. Endemic to Mt. Danxiashan and nearby Shaoguan hills, it was formally described as a new species in 2018.
ASPLENIUM GUODANUM is a fern endemic to Mt. Danxiashan, with a single small population of no more than 50 mature individuals. It was first spotted in the wild in 2024 by a local naturalist and conservation volunteer, who provided the initial field observations. Its discovery underscores the distinctiveness of "Danxia flora" and highlights the urgent need to protect biodiversity there.
PRIMULINA HUANGJINIANA is a perennial herb endemic to Mt. Danxiashan, Guangdong province. Growing on cliff faces, it has a cylindrical stem and a rosette of ovate-orbicular to oblong leaves, pubescent on both surfaces, with crisped or obscurely serrate margins. Flowers are pale bluish-purple to white, with bluish-purple stripes and a yellowish-brown blotch on the upper interior.
CAMELLIA SHANGSHII is a shrub or small tree described as a new species from Mt. Danxiashan in 2026. It stands as a testament to the co-evolution of the region's redbed landscape and its biota. Flowering from October to November, it bears fragrant white terminal flowers with obovate, emarginate petals. Globose fruits mature from November to December. With a high seed oil content, it holds promise as a novel woody oil crop, while its scented flowers add considerable ornamental value. It has been recorded only in Mt. Danxiashan.
